LCD patterns are formed when:

LCD patterns are formed when current passes through the crystal causing them to align. In liquid crystal displays (LCDs), liquid crystals are sandwiched between two layers of glass or plastic and require precise alignment to control light passage and create images. When an electric current is applied to these liquid crystals, they respond by aligning themselves according to the electric field. This alignment affects the way light passes through the display, allowing pixels to become illuminated or dark based on the voltage applied. This principle is fundamental to how images are formed on screens, utilizing the unique properties of liquid crystals to manipulate light.

Other options explore different concepts not related to the fundamental operation of how LCD patterns are created. For instance, reducing voltage in a raster scan display pertains more to the refresh rate and image stability rather than the alignment of liquid crystals. Resonance in deflection coils is relevant to cathode ray tubes (CRTs) but does not apply to LCD technology. Similarly, the angle of a ship's antenna and its bearing to true North is unrelated to the functioning of LCD technology, as it pertains more to navigation rather than image creation in screens. Each incorrect option highlights different operational aspects associated with electronic devices but does not directly address the mechanism behind LCD pattern formation.